Compare Brunei (2002) - Turks and Caicos Islands (2002)

Compare Brunei (2002) z Turks and Caicos Islands (2002)

	Brunei (2002)	Turks and Caicos Islands (2002)

Administrative divisions	4 districts (daerah-daerah, singular - daerah); Belait, Brunei and Muara, Temburong, Tutong	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Age structure	0-14 years: 30.2% (male 54,038; female 51,833) 15-64 years: 67% (male 125,051; female 110,257) 65 years and over: 2.8% (male 4,609; female 5,110) (2002 est.)	0-14 years: 32.6% (male 3,101; female 3,004) 15-64 years: 63.6% (male 6,266; female 5,651) 65 years and over: 3.8% (male 319; female 397) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products	rice, vegetables, fruits, chickens, water buffalo	corn, beans, cassava (tapioca), citrus fruits; fish
Airports	2 (2001)	8 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2002)	total: 5 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)	total: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 2 (2002)
Area	total: 5,770 sq km land: 5,270 sq km water: 500 sq km	total: 430 sq km land: 430 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Delaware	2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	The Sultanate of Brunei's heyday occurred between the 15th and 17th centuries, when its control extended over coastal areas of northwest Borneo and the southern Philippines. Brunei subsequently entered a period of decline brought on by internal strife over royal succession, colonial expansion of European powers, and piracy. In 1888, Brunei became a British protectorate; independence was achieved in 1984. Brunei benefits from extensive petroleum and natural gas fields, the source of one of the highest per capita GDPs in the less developed countries. The same family has ruled Brunei for over six centuries.	The islands were part of the UK's Jamaican colony until 1962, when they assumed the status of a separate crown colony upon Jamaica's independence. The governor of The Bahamas oversaw affairs from 1965 to 1973. With Bahamian independence, the islands received a separate governor in 1973. Although independence was agreed upon for 1982, the policy was reversed and the islands are presently a British overseas territory.
Birth rate	20.06 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)	24.18 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget	revenues: $2.5 billion expenditures: $2.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $1.35 billion (1997 est.)	revenues: $47 million expenditures: $33.6 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997-98 est.)
Capital	Bandar Seri Begawan	Grand Turk (Cockburn Town)
Climate	tropical; hot, humid, rainy	tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry
Coastline	161 km	389 km
Constitution	29 September 1959 (some provisions suspended under a State of Emergency since December 1962, others since independence on 1 January 1984)	introduced 30 August 1976; suspended in 1986; restored and revised 5 March 1988
Country name	conventional long form: Negara Brunei Darussalam conventional short form: Brunei	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Turks and Caicos Islands
Currency	Bruneian dollar (BND)	US dollar (USD)
Death rate	3.38 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)	4.38 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external	$0	$NA
Dependency status	-	overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Gene B. CHRISTY embassy: Third Floor, Teck Guan Plaza, Jalan Sultan, Bandar Seri Begawan mailing address: PSC 470 (BSB), FPO AP 96507 telephone: [673] (2) 229670 FAX: [673] (2) 225293	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador PUTEH ibni Mohammad Alam chancery: 3520 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 237-1838 FAX: [1] (202) 885-0560	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international	Brunei established an exclusive economic fishing zone encompassing Louisa Reef in southern Spratly Islands in 1984, but makes no public territorial claim to the offshore reefs	none
Economic aid - recipient	$4.3 million (1995) (1995)	$4.1 million (1997) (1997)
Economy - overview	This small, wealthy economy is a mixture of foreign and domestic entrepreneurship, government regulation, welfare measures, and village tradition. Crude oil and natural gas production account for nearly half of GDP. Per capita GDP is far above most other Third World countries, and substantial income from overseas investment supplements income from domestic production. The government provides for all medical services and subsidizes rice and housing. Brunei's leaders are concerned that steadily increased integration in the world economy will undermine internal social cohesion although it became a more prominent player by serving as chairman for the 2000 APEC (Asian Pacific Economic Cooperation) forum. Plans for the future include upgrading the labor force, reducing unemployment, strengthening the banking and tourist sectors, and, in general, further widening the economic base beyond oil and gas.	The Turks and Caicos economy is based on tourism, fishing, and offshore financial services. Most capital goods and food for domestic consumption are imported. The US is the leading source of tourists, accounting for more than half of the 93,000 visitors in 1998. Major sources of government revenue include fees from offshore financial activities and customs receipts.
Electricity - consumption	2.065 billion kWh (2000)	4.65 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2000)	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2000)	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production	2.22 billion kWh (2000)	5 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: South China Sea 0 m highest point: Bukit Pagon 1,850 m	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Blue Hills 49 m
Environment - current issues	seasonal smoke/haze resulting from forest fires in Indonesia	limited natural fresh water resources, private cisterns collect rainwater
Environment - international agreements	party to: Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	-
Ethnic groups	Malay 67%, Chinese 15%, indigenous 6%, other 12%	black
Exchange rates	Bruneian dollars per US dollar - 1.8388 (January 2002), 1.8917 (2001), 1.7240 (2000), 1.6950 (1999), 1.6736 (1998), 1.4848 (1997); note - the Bruneian dollar is at par with the Singapore dollar	the US dollar is used
Executive branch	chief of state: Sultan and Prime Minister Sir HASSANAL Bolkiah (since 5 October 1967); note - the monarch is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: Sultan and Prime Minister Sir HASSANAL Bolkiah (since 5 October 1967); note - the monarch is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Council of Cabinet Ministers appointed and presided over by the monarch; deals with executive matters; note - there is also a Religious Council (members appointed by the monarch) that advises on religious matters, a Privy Council (members appointed by the monarch) that deals with constitutional matters, and the Council of Succession (members appointed by the monarch) that determines the succession to the throne if the need arises elections: none; the monarch is hereditary	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1953), represented by Governor Jim POSTON (since 16 December 2002) head of government: Chief Minister Derek H. TAYLOR (since 31 January 1995) cabinet: Executive Council consists of three ex officio members and five appointed by the governor from among the members of the Legislative Council elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is appointed chief minister by the governor
Exports	$3 billion f.o.b. (2000 est.)	$13.7 million (1999)
Exports - commodities	crude oil, natural gas, refined products	lobster, dried and fresh conch, conch shells
Exports - partners	Japan 42%, US 17%, South Korea 14%, Thailand 3% (1999)	US, UK
Fiscal year	calendar year	calendar year
Flag description	yellow with two diagonal bands of white (top, almost double width) and black starting from the upper hoist side; the national emblem in red is superimposed at the center; the emblem includes a swallow-tailed flag on top of a winged column within an upturned crescent above a scroll and flanked by two upraised hands	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield is yellow and contains a conch shell, lobster, and cactus
GDP	purchasing power parity - $6.2 billion (2001 est.)	purchasing power parity - $128 million (1999 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 5% industry: 45% services: 50% (2001 est.)	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $18,000 (2001 est.)	purchasing power parity - $7,300 (1999 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	3% (2001 est.)	8.7% (1999 est.)
Geographic coordinates	4 30 N, 114 40 E	21 45 N, 71 35 W
Geography - note	close to vital sea lanes through South China Sea linking Indian and Pacific Oceans; two parts physically separated by Malaysia; almost an enclave of Malaysia	about 40 islands (eight inhabited)
Heliports	3 (2002)	-
Highways	total: 1,712 km paved: 1,284 km unpaved: 428 km (1996)	total: 121 km paved: 24 km unpaved: 97 km (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	drug trafficking and illegally importing controlled substances are serious offenses in Brunei and carry a mandatory death penalty	transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe
Imports	$1.4 billion c.i.f. (2000 est.)	$175.6 million (1999)
Imports - commodities	machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food, chemicals	food and beverages, tobacco, clothing, manufactures, construction materials
Imports - partners	Singapore 34%, UK 15%, Malaysia 15%, US 5% (1999)	US, UK
Independence	1 January 1984 (from UK)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate	4% (1997 est.)	NA%
Industries	petroleum, petroleum refining, liquefied natural gas, construction	tourism, offshore financial services
Infant mortality rate	13.95 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)	17.46 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	1% (1999 est.)	4% (1995) (1995)
International organization participation	APEC, ARF, ASEAN, C, CCC, ESCAP, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDB, IFRCS, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO	Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	2 (2000)	14 (2000)
Irrigated land	10 sq km (1998 est.)	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court (chief justice and judges are sworn in by the monarch for three-year terms)	Supreme Court
Labor force	143,400 (1999 est.); note - includes foreign workers and military personnel note: temporary residents make up 41% of labor force (1991) (1999 est.)	4,848 (1990 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	government 48%, production of oil, natural gas, services, and construction 42%, agriculture, forestry, and fishing 10% (1999 est.)	about 33% in government and 20% in agriculture and fishing; significant numbers in tourism, financial, and other services (1997 est.)
Land boundaries	total: 381 km border countries: Malaysia 381 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0.57% permanent crops: 0.76% other: 98.67% (1998 est.)	arable land: 2.33% permanent crops: 0% other: 97.67% (1998 est.)
Languages	Malay (official), English, Chinese	English (official)
Legal system	based on English common law; for Muslims, Islamic Shari'a law supersedes civil law in a number of areas	based on laws of England and Wales, with a few adopted from Jamaica and The Bahamas
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Council or Majlis Masyuarat Megeri (a privy council that serves only in a consultative capacity; NA seats; members appointed by the monarch) elections: last held in March 1962 note: in 1970 the Council was changed to an appointive body by decree of the monarch; an elected Legislative Council is being considered as part of constitutional reform, but elections are unlikely for several years	unicameral Legislative Council (19 seats, of which 13 are popularly elected; members serve four-year terms) elections: last held 4 March 1999 (next to be held NA 2003) election results: percent of vote by party - PDM 52.2%, PNP 40.9%, independent 6.9%; seats by party - PDM 9, PNP 4
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 74.06 years male: 71.68 years female: 76.56 years (2002 est.)	total population: 73.76 years male: 71.59 years female: 76.03 years (2002 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 88.2% male: 92.6% female: 83.4% (1995 est.)	definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school total population: 98% male: 99% female: 98% (1970 est.)
Location	Southeastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and Malaysia	Caribbean, two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas
Map references	Southeast Asia	Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM or to median line territorial sea: 12 NM	exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	total: 7 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 348,476 GRT/340,635 DWT ships by type: liquefied gas 7 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: United Kingdom 7 (2002 est.)	none (2002 est.)
Military - note	-	defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches	Land Forces, Navy, Air Force, Royal Brunei Police	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$343 million (FY98)	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	5.1% (FY98)	-
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 108,921 (2002 est.)	-
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 62,864 (2002 est.)	-
Military manpower - military age	18 years of age (2002 est.)	-
Military manpower - reaching military age annually	males: 3,005 (2002 est.)	-
National holiday	National Day, 23 February (1984); note - 1 January 1984 was the date of independence from the UK, 23 February 1984 was the date of independence from British protection	Constitution Day, 30 August (1976)
Nationality	noun: Bruneian(s) adjective: Bruneian	noun: none adjective: none
Natural hazards	typhoons, earthquakes, and severe flooding are very rare	frequent hurricanes
Natural resources	petroleum, natural gas, timber	spiny lobster, conch
Net migration rate	3.91 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)	12.97 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
People - note	-	destination and transit point for illegal Haitian immigrants bound for the Turks and Caicos Islands, Bahamas, and US
Pipelines	crude oil 135 km; petroleum products 418 km; natural gas 920 km	-
Political parties and leaders	Brunei Solidarity National Party or PPKB in Malay [Haji Mohd HATTA bin Haji Zainal Abidin, president]; the PPKB is the only legal political party in Brunei; it was registered in 1985, but became largely inactive after 1988, it was revived in 1995 and again in 1998; it has less than 200 registered party members; other parties include Brunei People's Party or PRB (banned in 1962) and Brunei National Democratic Party (registered in May 1965, deregistered by the Brunei Government in 1988)	People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Derek H. TAYLOR]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Washington MISICK]; United Democratic Party or UDP [Wendal SWANN]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	350,898 (July 2002 est.)	18,738 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	2.06% (2002 est.)	3.28% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	Bandar Seri Begawan, Kuala Belait, Muara, Seria, Tutong	Grand Turk, Providenciales
Radio broadcast stations	AM 3, FM 10, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 3 (one inactive), FM 6, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios	329,000 (1998)	8,000 (1997)
Railways	total: 13 km (private line) narrow gauge: 13 km 0.610-m gauge (2001 est.)	0 km
Religions	Muslim (official) 67%, Buddhist 13%, Christian 10%, indigenous beliefs and other 10%	Baptist 40%, Methodist 16%, Anglican 18%, Church of God 12%, other 14% (1990)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.13 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.9 male(s)/female total population: 1.1 male(s)/female (2002 est.)	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage	none	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: service throughout country is excellent; international service good to Europe, US, and East Asia domestic: every service available international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean); digital submarine cable links to Malaysia, Singapore, and Philippines (2001)	general assessment: fair cable and radiotelephone services domestic: NA international: 2 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	79,000 (1996)	3,000 (1994)
Telephones - mobile cellular	43,524 (1996)	0 (1994)
Television broadcast stations	2 (1997)	0 (broadcasts from The Bahamas are received; cable television is established) (1997)
Terrain	flat coastal plain rises to mountains in east; hilly lowland in west	low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps
Total fertility rate	2.4 children born/woman (2002 est.)	3.18 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate	10% (2001 est.)	10% (1997 est.)
Waterways	209 km; navigable by craft drawing less than 1.2 m	none

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